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Date: April 27, 2024 Sat
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sri lanka
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39 total results foundAuthor: Benton, Nic Title: Trap Guns in Sri Lanka Summary: In Sri Lanka, the use of home-made weapons known as trap guns for crop protection and poaching is a significant cause of insecurity, indiscriminately threatening human life and development. This publication highlights the human, economic and environment impacts of trap gun use, the weak enforcement of laws controlling these illicit small arms, and calls for a co-ordinated solution to the trap gun problem. Details: London: Saferworld, 2008. 12p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2008 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Guns Shelf Number: 118676 |
Author: Andersen, Morten Koch Title: Failing Judicial Systems, Torture and Human Rights Work in Sri Lanka: A Study of Police Torture in Sri Lanka Summary: The study seeks to explore the routine use of torture by the police and illuminate the widespread violence and human rights violations that are part of everyday life in Sri Lanka. It seeks to show the apparent neglect of the Sri Lankan state to stop these atrocities and provide adequate protection and remedies for the victims by ignoring publicly available information provided by state commissioned investigations and reports on the continuously declining state of affairs in the police force and the general deteriorating of human rights in the country. Details: Copenhagen, Denmark: Rehabilitation and Research Centre for Torture Victims; Hong Kong: Asian Human Rights Commission, 2009. 80p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2009 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Human Rights Abuses Shelf Number: 119532 |
Author: Fernando, Basil Title: Sri Lanka: Impunity, Criminal Justice and Human Rights Summary: Despite the success achieved by the international community regarding the promotion of international human rights norms and standards in countries other than developed democracies, it would be an illusion to believe that these principles are actually applied in daily life. In their pursuit of justice, Sri Lankans will learn the difficulties they face come from their dysfunctional criminal justice system. Building a narrative on these difficulties is therefore an essential component of seeking redress for rights violations. These narratives describe not only the difficulties and suffering faced by individuals, but also the nature of various public institutions and the problems within them. This book makes an attempt to understand the obstacles to the realization of human rights norms in Sri Lanka, relating to the constitution, criminal justice system or local traditions. The ideas discussed in the book are the result of practical interventions by way of litigation, providing assistance to victims, and through debates conducted on these issues over a considerable time. Details: Hong Kong: Asian Human Rights Commission, 2010. 172p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 9, 2012 at: http://www.humanrights.asia/resources/books/AHRC-PUB-001-2010/AHRC-PUB-001-2010-SLImpunity.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Criminal Justice Systems Shelf Number: 118785 |
Author: Squire, Jason Title: Sri Lanka Research Report The Sexual Abuse, Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking of Children in Sri Lanka Summary: Sri Lanka is famed for the proverbial three S’s: Sun, Sea and Sand. In the north and east of the country, the government has been engaged in armed conflict for over 25 years with the secessionist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Relative to the other countries of South Asia, the Sri Lankan government over the last 40 years has been able to provide adequate social services to its population: the country has the best educational system in South Asia, with a relatively high attendance of children in school, and health services that reach the majority of the population. People’s access to media is high throughout the country. At the same time, the ongoing civil war and decrease in the strength of the agricultural economy, which supports approximately 75% of the population, have resulted in increased rural poverty. In response to this, the government has engaged in two primary economic strategies, both of which have had a direct impact on the sexual abuse and commercial sexual exploitation of children. The first strategy has been the promotion of external labour migration for women. Sri Lanka has the highest proportion in South Asia of females working abroad for employment, and these comprise primarily women who have young children. The consequent absence of female caregivers has resulted in a reduction of protection for children in the home, in turn resulting in what many consider to be a high level of domestic sexual abuse. The second economic strategy supported by the government has been the development of an international tourism industry, initiated in the 1970s. National and international tourism are mainly concentrated around the western, north central, central and southern provinces. Tourism is one of the main income-generating activities for the country. While benefiting the economy, the growth of tourism coupled with low levels of child protection, the prevalence of domestic child sexual abuse and increasing rural poverty is thought to have contributed to the growth of child sex tourism (CST) in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka gained notoriety for the availability of child sex in the 1980s. Since then, many local NGOs and international agencies have been active in raising the issue as a concern and developing projects around the issues. To date, the majority of interventions and research on the commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) and child sex tourism have focused on the ‘destination’ end of the situation – that is, the locations where sexual exploitation take place. Fewer interventions and less research have been conducted on the ‘source’ side of the situation – that is, in the families and communities from which the exploited children originate. Details: Lausanne, SWIT: Terre des hommes, 2008. 62p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 9, 2012 at: http://www.childtrafficking.com/Docs/trafficking_report_srilanka_17_12_08.pdf Year: 2008 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Child Prostitution Shelf Number: 114895 |
Author: Perera, Jennifer: Gunawardane, Nalika Title: Review of Research Evidence on Gender Based Violence (GBV) in Sri Lanka. Second Edition Summary: This document summarises the literature published between 1982 and 2011 on violence (GBV) in Sri Lanka. In our attempt to collate the scientific information on GBV in Sri Lanka, the selection of research was based on pre-determined criteria, viz. to include research and exclude case studies that describe individual experiences. A great majority of the research was on GBV on women. The evidence were classified based on its focus and was included under different themes i.e., Research on GBV at different stages of life of a woman, GBV in different environment settings, clinical manifestation of affected groups and response of organizations towards GBV. The literature review showed that there was a paucity of research evidence on locally relevant interventions to minimize GBV. The impact of domestic violence on members of the household, morbidity and mortality patterns of affected families, long term psychological and physical development of affected children and the long term effects on the victims were other notable areas where no evidence was found. Despite certain limitations the committee was able to collate a considerable amount of data that will convince any reader that GBV is indeed a significant social and public health problem of considerable magnitude in Sri Lanka. While GBV includes violence against men and women, in the majority of cases the victims are women. The pattern of GBV in Sri Lanka encompasses physical, sexual, psychological and emotional violence and parallels current worldwide trends. The cumulative impact of violence experienced by girls and women is immense, especially in terms of its impact on their physical and mental health and its consequences, both immediate and long term. It is evident that GBV is currently not addressed adequately by the health care and other relevant sectors in Sri Lanka. Details: Colombo: Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2011. 47p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 16, 2013 at: http://whosrilanka.healthrepository.org/bitstream/123456789/434/1/GBV.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Domestic Violence (Sri Lanka) Shelf Number: 127643 |
Author: Sooka, Yasmin Title: An Unfinished War: Torture and Sexual Violence in Sri Lanka 2009-2014 Summary: This report paints a chilling picture of the continuation of the war in Sri Lanka against ethnic Tamils, five years after the guns went silent. The findings are: • Abduction, arbitrary detention, torture, rape and sexual violence have increased in the post-war period. Targeted for these violations are LTTE suspects, or those perceived as having been connected to, or supporters of, the LTTE. The purported aim is to extract confessions and/or information about the LTTE and to punish them for any involvement with the organisation. • These widespread and systematic violations by the Sri Lankan security forces occur in a manner that indicates a coordinated, systematic plan approved by the highest levels of government. Members of the Sri Lankan security forces are secure in the knowledge that no action will be taken against them. • This report establises a prima facie case of post-war crimes against humanity by the Sri Lankan security forces, with respect to (a) torture and (b) rape and sexual violence. The report is based on: • 40 sworn statements from witnesses - half men and half women - who testified to their experiences of abduction, torture, rape and sexual violence by the Sri Lankan security forces. • The abductions and torture described all occurred within the time frame of May 2009 to February 2014, i.e. post-war. • More than half of the abductions recorded in this report took place during 2013 and 2014. • Almost all the incidents in this report occurred from 2011 onwards. • The witness testimony is supported by detailed medical and psychiatric records in 32 of the 40 cases, but given some have only very recently arrived in the UK this was not always available. • The evidence of two internationally recognised experts on torture with experience in examining hundreds of Sri Lankan asylum claimants. • In addition to the 40 statements, 57 medico-legal reports pertaining to different cases were made available by immigration lawyers (40 male and 17 female clients). All dealt with torture in the period 2006-12. Of these 28 also alleged they were raped or subjected to sexual violence by the Sri Lankan security forces. The cases of torture, rape and sexual violence covered in this report constitute a small sample of those crimes likely to have been committed against the Tamil population in Sri Lanka. These are witnesses whose families were able to locate them, pay a bribe for their release and send them abroad to the UK. Since there is no centralised system to locate asylum seekers in the UK, there likely are more recent survivors we have not found. Investigators were acutely aware of the risks to witnesses and their families should they be identified and have made every effort to ensure that identities be kept secret so as to prevent retaliation against extended family members still in Sri Lanka. Several witnesses were living abroad and had no idea they would be at risk if they returned home. The overwhelming majority of the witnesses were “white vanned”, a term now used in Sri Lanka to denote abduction by the security forces. A quarter of the witnesses reported being abducted and tortured on more than one occasion. Witnesses were released from detention only after their family paid bribes to members of the security force, often through intermediaries from pro-government paramilitary groups. Those who exited the country through Colombo airport also paid bribes to avoid being stopped and questioned. The testimony demonstrated the rapes were often extremely violent, leaving the victim bleeding heavily, and often accompanied by racist insults. One woman was subjected to forced vaginal, anal and instrumental penetration (with a baton), and on one occasion forced to have oral sex simultaneously while being raped. She endured seven gang rape sessions interspersed with severe beatings. All witnesses revealed deep shame and guilt about the sexual abuse; nearly half had attempted to commit suicide after reaching the UK. This report has immediate implications for asylum policy, donor funding and the international community as a whole. Action must be taken to bring the perpetrators to justice using the International Criminal Court and/or, an international tribunal as well as instigating national prosecutions under universal jurisdiction. Every witness who spoke to our investigators said they were recounting their ordeal in the hope that these crimes would stop and nobody else would have to suffer as they did. Details: Yasmin Sooka, the Bar Human Rights Committee, England and Wales, and the International Truth & Justice Project, Sri Lanka: 2014. 110p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 8, 2014 at: http://www.univie.ac.at/bimtor/dateien/violence_in_sri_lanka_2009_2014.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Rape Shelf Number: 132299 |
Author: Chambers, Victoria Title: Community policing through bicycle patrolling in Sri Lanka: an incipient post-conflict strategy Summary: In May - June 2014 The Asia Foundation and the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) undertook a case study of bicycle patrolling as part of wider community policing in Sri Lanka under the 'Securing Communities' project at ODI. The full case study was not able to be published publically, so this document presents selected findings of the case study in order to begin to fill the gap in the literature on policing in Sri Lanka. The case study aimed to understand the role of bicycle patrolling within the broader context of community policing in Sri Lanka and to examine how it has developed, its objectives, effects and ongoing challenges. The findings include: - Histories of colonialism and conflict, as well as centralised institutional structures and social cleavages have shaped community policing in Sri Lanka. - While the key objectives of improving police-community relations and reducing crime are shared by different actors, emphasis varies. - Community policing and bicycle patrolling are increasing trust at the local level, making people feel safer and enabling local problem-solving. However, they are not yet transforming broader policing culture. - The effectiveness of community policing is limited by challenges such as the isolation of community policing from wider policing functions, under-trained recruits and linguistic difficulties. Details: London: Overseas Development Institute, 2014. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 15, 2015 at: http://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/9387.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Bicycle Patrols Shelf Number: 135212 |
Author: De Mel, Neloufer Title: Broadening gender: Why masculinities Matter. Attitudes, practices and gender-based violence in four distrists of Sri Lanka Summary: CARE International Sri Lanka's 'Empowering Men to Engage and Redefine Gender Equality'(EMERGE) project is a pioneering effort that addresses persistent issues of gender inequality and GBV through the engagement of men. The emphasis of the EMERGE project is on working with men and boys to transform attitudes, perceptions and practices of gender inequality. Childhood experiences, attitudes about relations between men and women, intimate relationships, fatherhood/motherhood, health and wellbeing, awareness about policies were some of the key themes explored in this survey. Details: Colombo : Care International, 2013. 170p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 28, 2015 at: http://www.care.org/sites/default/files/documents/Broadening-Gender_Why-Masculinities-Matter.pdf Year: 2013 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Family Violence Shelf Number: 129968 |
Author: Human Rights Watch Title: "We Live in Constant Fear": Lack of Accountability for Police Abuse in Sri Lanka Summary: Back Blurb: Police in Sri Lanka regularly use torture and other ill-treatment, including severe beatings, electric shock, and painful stress positions, in violation of domestic and international law. This misuse of force has been applied not only in counter-insurgency cases, but to criminal suspects in custody and to peaceful protesters demonstrating on city streets. Police abuses during routine law enforcement point to an endemic culture of abuse - one not solely linked to the country's civil war that ended in 2009. "We Live in Constant Fear" - Lack of Accountability for Police Abuse in Sri Lanka documents efforts over many years by families to obtain justice for their loved ones who died in police custody as well as very recent cases. The report demonstrates how a pervasive lack of accountability has allowed torture to go unchecked. Procedural safeguards to protect detainees against mistreatment are simply ignored or bypassed. Even when victims later report their cases, the legal system is slow to respond, and tends to show deference to the police. A new government elected in January 2015 has promised major reforms, and there is now an opportunity to rein in police abuse. The government needs to send the message that deviation from legal safeguards will not be tolerated. Human Rights Watch calls on Sri Lanka’s government to create an independent oversight authority over the police and adopt other concrete steps to reduce rights violations. The government should also amend police rules and manuals to be consistent with international law. Details: New York: HRW, 2015. 67p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 26, 2015 at: https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/srilanka1015_4up_0.pdf Year: 2015 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Police Abuse Shelf Number: 137143 |
Author: Sutton, Mitchell Title: Transnational crime in Sri Lanka: Future considerations for international cooperation Summary: This report examines transnational, serious and organised crime in Sri Lanka, its impact on neighbouring states, law enforcement cooperation, and the influence of Sri Lanka's changing geopolitical and economic orientation on criminal activity. Geopolitical change was a major influence on the patterns of transnational crime in Sri Lanka, especially the end of the civil war in 2009 and the destruction of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). The LTTE's demise ended some activity while changing the patterns of transnational crimes such as arms smuggling, people smuggling and human trafficking. Still, the threat of transnational crime hasn't disappeared from Sri Lanka since the end of the civil war. Local law enforcement agencies and the military are struggling to develop strategies to combat a multifaceted threat exacerbated by the country's porous border with India, international drug rings and cartels, government corruption, and proximity to swathes of under- or ungoverned territory in Myanmar, India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Historical and new international relationships-especially with Russia, China and the Middle East - have also influenced crime patterns in Sri Lanka. Regional states have felt strong impacts from criminal activities involving Sri Lanka. Those impacts have differed markedly, as each affected state has been incorporated into a different place along the contraband supply chain. People smuggling and associated crimes are likely to remain the main concerns for Australia. Drug, arms and human trafficking are likely to pose problems for India and Southeast Asia. Because this criminal activity is diffuse, solutions must necessarily come from both domestic and regional sources, and involve neighbouring states working with the Sri Lankan Government to develop strategies to jointly reduce the threat. Already, a proliferation of different multilateral and bilateral law enforcement cooperation agreements has emerged in response to these challenges. Future engagement should focus on enhancing the intelligence capabilities of Sri Lanka's military and law enforcement agencies, encouraging reforms to eliminate corruption and inefficiency and realigning government agencies to fit the new threat. Details: Barton,. ACT: Australian Strategic Policy Institute, 2016. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 13, 2016 at: https://www.aspi.org.au/publications/transnational-crime-in-sri-lanka-future-considerations-for-international-cooperation/SR94_Sri-Lanka.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Sri Lanka Keywords: Arms Smuggling Shelf Number: 145538 |